All about special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)

Many children and young people need extra support at some point during their time in education. For most children and young people, schools, settings and colleges will be able to adapt the curriculum and approach to teaching in order to meet individual needs. This extra support is usually funded from existing education provider budgets and is part of what is ordinarily available to all children and young people.

If your child is not making the expected progress after this extra support has been put in place, then you may need to consider whether a statutory assessment of their educational, health and care (EHC) needs is necessary. An assessment may show that your child needs an education, health and care plan (EHC Plan). Or it may result in a special educational needs (SEN) support plan, which sets out in detail the support your child needs.

What is an Education, Health and Care (EHC) Plan?

An Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP) is a legal document which describes a child or young person's (aged up to 25) special educational needs, the support they need, and the outcomes they would like to achieve.

The special educational provision described in an EHC Plan must be provided by the child or young person's local authority. This means an EHC Plan can give a child or young person extra educational support. It can also give parents and young people more choice about which school or other setting their child or young person can attend.

This Council for Disabled Children video about EHC Plans explains more.

Request an EHC needs assessment

Requests for needs assessments are most effective when parents or carers, the young person and the school, college or early years setting work together on the request. This is done through a meeting we call the family conversation. This is a meeting between the family or carers with professionals, such as your child's teacher or carer, who know you and the child well.

The aim is to openly discuss and gather information about the needs of the child or young person. Professionals also work closely with the child or young person to gather their views. They record these on the Child Contribution Form and One Page Profile. We need to make sure we have all the information available to make the right decision about whether a statutory EHC needs assessment is necessary.

You can also contact us directly to request the assessment. To ensure your request reaches the correct team without delay, please send it by email to SENAssess@herefordshire.gov.uk or by post to the address at the bottom of this page.

You can see a model letter for making a request for an EHC assessment on Herefordshire and Worcestershire SENDIASS' website. It shows what information you would need to gather.

The EHC needs assessment process

We will make a decision as to whether a needs assessment is necessary. If we agree that it is required, we will use the needs assessment to collect information about the:

• Child's needs
• SEN provision required to meet those needs
• Type of placement where that provision can be made

We will collect evidence from relevant people across the education, health and care systems. At the end of the needs assessment we must decide whether to issue an EHC Plan, or if we decide this is not necessary we must issue an SEN support plan.

EHC Plan

An EHC Plan sets out the provision for all educational needs and for the child or young person's health and social care needs where these have an impact on their education. EHC Plans are legally binding and set out the desired outcomes for your child and the provision required to achieve those outcomes.

We must issue a completed EHC Plan within 20 weeks of the original request for assessment. The 2014 SEND Code of Practice describes what should be included in an EHC Plan.

Find out more about the timescales involved in the EHC needs assessment process

You can also find more information on the EHC needs assessment process on the government's extra help for children with SEN page.

Challenge a decision we have made

Discuss

Most disagreements can be resolved by discussing the issue and reaching a suitable solution or compromise.

Mediation

If following discussion an agreement cannot be reached, disagreement resolution and mediation services are available to families as a first step. The SEN Team will provide you with information about local mediation services. In most cases, you will need a mediation certificate before you can appeal to the SEND Tribunal.

Appeal

Families have the right to appeal to the SEND Tribunal if:

• They cannot reach agreement through resolution or mediation
  and
• The local authority decides:
  • Not to assess a child or young person's educational, health and care (EHC) needs
  • Not to reassess their EHC needs
  • Not to issue an EHC Plan
  • To refuse to change what's in a child or young person's EHC Plan
  • To cease to maintain the EHC Plan

HM Courts & Tribunals Service has an easy read guide about How to appeal a Special Educational Needs decision.

Independent advice

For further advice that is independent of the local authority, you can contact Herefordshire Special Educational Needs and Disabilities Information, Advice and Support Service (SENDIASS).

SENDIASS offer impartial, confidential, legally-based and easily accessible information and advice about special educational needs and disabilities. They support parents, carers, children and young people with SEND.

• Herefordshire SENDIASS, email: sendiass@herefordshire.gov.uk, telephone: 01432 260955

IPSEA (Independent Provider of Special Education Advice) offer free and independent legally based information, advice and support to help get the right education for children and young people with SEND.